--- title: Nehemiah 13:15 (JPS 1917) — In those days saw I in Judah some treading winepresses on the sabbat… · tree and pragmatics description: In those days saw I in Judah some treading winepresses on the sabbath, and bringing in heaps of corn, and lading asses therewith; as also wine, grapes, and figs, and all manner of burdens, which they brought into Jerusalem on the sabbath day; and I forewarned them in the day wherein they sold victua --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.421/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Nehemiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/) / [chapter 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/13/) / [13:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.13.15/) / JPS 1 # Nehemiah 13:15 · JPS 1917 In those days saw I in Judah some treading winepresses on the sabbath, and bringing in heaps of corn, and lading asses therewith; as also wine, grapes, and figs, and all manner of burdens, which they brought into Jerusalem on the sabbath day; and I forewarned them in the day wherein they sold victuals. **Who acts:** I, treading winepresses, asses, heaps · **What happens:** see, tread, bring in, lade, bring, forewarn · **To what, where:** treading winepresses, Judah, heaps, manner, Jerusalem, victuals This is Nehemiah 13:15 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, treading winepresses, asses, heaps), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:NEH:421 # text = In those days saw I in Judah some treading winepresses on the sabbath, and bringing in heaps of corn, and lading asses therewith; as also wine, grapes, and figs, and all manner of burdens, which they brought into Jerusalem on the sabbath day; and I forewarned them in the day wherein they sold victuals. 1 In in ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 those that DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 3 det _ _ 3 days day NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ 4 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 Judah Judah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 8 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 10 det _ _ 9 treading tread VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 10 amod _ _ 10 winepresses winepress NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obj _ _ 11 on on ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 sabbath sabbath NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nmod _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 16 bringing bring VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 10 acl _ _ 17 in in ADP RP _ 16 compound:prt _ _ 18 heaps heap NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 obj _ _ 19 of of ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 corn corn NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nmod _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 23 lading lade VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 24 acl _ _ 24 asses ass NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 conj _ _ 25 therewith therewith ADV RB _ 24 advmod _ _ 26 ; ; PUNCT : _ 29 punct _ _ 27 as as ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 also also ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 29 wine wine NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obl _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 31 grapes grape NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 conj _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 33 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 34 figs fig NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 conj _ _ 35 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 37 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 38 det _ _ 38 manner manner NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 conj _ _ 39 of of ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 40 burdens burden NOUN NNS Number=Plur 38 nmod _ _ 41 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct _ _ 42 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 44 obj _ _ 43 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 44 nsubj _ _ 44 brought bring VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 38 acl:relcl _ _ 45 into into ADP IN _ 46 case _ _ 46 Jerusalem Jerusalem PROPN NNP Number=Sing 44 obl _ _ 47 on on ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 48 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 50 det _ _ 49 sabbath sabbath NOUN NN Number=Sing 50 compound _ _ 50 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 obl _ _ 51 ; ; PUNCT : _ 54 punct _ _ 52 and and CCONJ CC _ 54 cc _ _ 53 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 54 nsubj _ _ 54 forewarned forewarn VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 55 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 54 obj _ _ 56 in in ADP IN _ 58 case _ _ 57 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 58 det _ _ 58 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 54 obl _ _ 59 wherein wherein ADV WRB PronType=Rel 61 advmod _ _ 60 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 61 nsubj _ _ 61 sold sell VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 58 acl:relcl _ _ 62 victuals victual NOUN NNS Number=Plur 61 obj _ _ 63 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **see** | past | I | some treading winepresses and asses | | Judah | on the sabbath; day | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer winepress=Stimulus | | 2 | **tread** | gerund | | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **bring in** | gerund | some treading winepresses and asses *not said here* | heaps of corn | | | | | vn earn-54.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme heap=Asset | | 4 | **lade** | gerund | asses *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **bring** | past | heaps *= heap* | all manner of burdens | | Jerusalem | day | | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent which=Theme into jerusalem=Destination | | 6 | **forewarn** | past | I | heaps *= heap* | | | day | | tree rules | | 7 | **sell** | past | heaps *= heap* | victuals | | | | wherein *property* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent victual=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵ֡מָּה רָאִ֣יתִי בִֽיהוּדָ֣ה ׀ דֹּֽרְכִֽים־גִּתּ֣וֹת ׀ בַּשַּׁבָּ֡ת וּמְבִיאִ֣ים הָעֲרֵמ֣וֹת וְֽעֹמְסִ֪ים עַל־הַחֲמֹרִ֟ים וְאַף־יַ֜יִן עֲנָבִ֤ים וּתְאֵנִים֙ וְכָל־מַשָּׂ֔א וּמְבִיאִ֥ים יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם בְּי֣וֹם הַשַּׁבָּ֑ת וָאָעִ֕יד בְּי֖וֹם מִכְרָ֥ם צָֽיִד׃ [Nehemiah 13:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.13.15/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:NEH:421` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Nehemiah 13:14 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.420/) - next →: [Nehemiah 13:16 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.422/) - ↑ back to [Nehemiah 13:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.13.15/)