--- title: Nehemiah 4:10 (JPS 1917) — And it came to pass from that time forth, that half of my servants w… · tree and pragmatics description: And it came to pass from that time forth, that half of my servants wrought in the work, and half of them held the spears, the shields, and the bows, and the coats of mail; and the rulers were behind all the house of Judah. Who acts: rest, half, rulers. Nehemiah 4:10 in JPS 1917 with its dependency t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.92/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Nehemiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/4/) / [4:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.4.10/) / JPS 1 # Nehemiah 4:10 · JPS 1917 And it came to pass from that time forth, that half of my servants wrought in the work, and half of them held the spears, the shields, and the bows, and the coats of mail; and the rulers were behind all the house of Judah. **Who acts:** rest, half, rulers · **What happens:** come, pass, wrought, hold, be · **To what, where:** work, spears, house This is Nehemiah 4:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rest, half, rulers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:NEH:92 # text = And it came to pass from that time forth, that half of my servants wrought in the work, and half of them held the spears, the shields, and the bows, and the coats of mail; and the rulers were behind all the house of Judah. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 to to PART TO _ 5 mark _ _ 5 pass pass VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 xcomp _ _ 6 from from ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 that that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 8 det _ _ 8 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 9 forth forth ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 11 that that SCONJ IN _ 16 mark _ _ 12 half half NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ _ 15 servants servant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nmod _ _ 16 wrought wrought VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 17 in in ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 work work NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 22 half half NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ _ 23 of of ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nmod _ _ 25 held hold VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 conj _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 spears spear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 obj _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 shields shield NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 conj _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 bows bow NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 conj _ _ 35 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 coats coat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 conj _ _ 39 of of ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 40 mail mail NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 nmod _ _ 41 ; ; PUNCT : _ 49 punct _ _ 42 and and CCONJ CC _ 49 cc _ _ 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 44 det _ _ 44 rulers ruler NOUN NNS Number=Plur 49 nsubj _ _ 45 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 49 cop _ _ 46 behind behind ADP IN _ 49 case _ _ 47 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 49 det:predet _ _ 48 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 49 det _ _ 49 house house NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 conj _ _ 50 of of ADP IN _ 51 case _ _ 51 Judah Judah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 49 nmod _ _ 52 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=narrate | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | past | rest | | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive | rest *not said here* | | | | time | forth *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **wrought** | past | half of my servants | | | the work | | | tree rules | | 4 | **hold** | past | half of servants | the spears and the shields and the bows and the coats of mail | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spear=Theme | | 5 | **is** | past | the rulers | | | all house | | of Judah | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיְהִ֣י ׀ מִן־הַיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא חֲצִ֣י נְעָרַי֮ עֹשִׂ֣ים בַּמְּלָאכָה֒ וְחֶצְיָ֗ם מַחֲזִיקִים֙ וְהָרְמָחִ֣ים הַמָּגִנִּ֔ים וְהַקְּשָׁת֖וֹת וְהַשִּׁרְיֹנִ֑ים וְהַ֨שָּׂרִ֔ים אַחֲרֵ֖י כָּל־בֵּ֥ית יְהוּדָֽה׃ [Nehemiah 4:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.4.10/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:NEH:92` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Nehemiah 4:9 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.91/) - next →: [Nehemiah 4:11 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.93/) - ↑ back to [Nehemiah 4:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.4.10/)