---
title: Nehemiah 4:13 (JPS 1917) — And I said unto the nobles, and to the rulers and to the rest of the… · tree and pragmatics
description: And I said unto the nobles, and to the rulers and to the rest of the people: 'The work is great and large, and we are separated upon the wall, one far from another; Who acts: I, work. Nehemiah 4:13 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Nehemiah 4:13 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And I said unto the nobles, and to the rulers and to the rest of the people: 'The work is great and large, and we are separated upon the wall, one far from another;

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**Who acts:** I, work · **What happens:** say, be, separate · **To what, where:** we · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Nehemiah 4:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, work), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:NEH:96
# text = And I said unto the nobles, and to the rulers and to the rest of the people: 'The work is great and large, and we are separated upon the wall, one far from another;
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	nobles	noble	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	rulers	ruler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	rest	rest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	_
19	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
20	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	24	punct	_	_
21	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
23	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
24	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	ccomp	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	conj	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
29	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj:pass	_	_
30	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	31	aux:pass	_	_
31	separated	separate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	24	conj	_	_
32	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
36	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	37	nsubj	_	_
37	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	31	advmod	_	_
38	from	from	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	another	another	PRON	DT	PronType=Ind	37	obl	_	_
40	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: pos
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | I |  |  |  |  | unto the nobles and the rulers and the rest of the people | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | the work |  |  |  |  | great *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  | the work *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **separate** | present · passive |  | we |  |  |  | upon the wall; far *property* | vn separate-23.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וָאֹמַ֞ר אֶל־הַחֹרִ֤ים וְאֶל־הַסְּגָנִים֙ וְאֶל־יֶ֣תֶר הָעָ֔ם הַמְּלָאכָ֥ה הַרְבֵּ֖ה וּרְחָבָ֑ה וַאֲנַ֗חְנוּ נִפְרָדִים֙ עַל־הַ֣חוֹמָ֔ה רְחוֹקִ֖ים אִ֥ישׁ מֵאָחִֽיו׃

[Nehemiah 4:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.4.13/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:NEH:96` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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