---
title: Nehemiah 4:15 (JPS 1917) — So we wrought in the work; and half of them held the spears from the… · tree and pragmatics
description: So we wrought in the work; and half of them held the spears from the rising of the morning till the stars appeared. Who acts: we, half, stars, morning. Nehemiah 4:15 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Nehemiah 4:15 · JPS 1917

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So we wrought in the work; and half of them held the spears from the rising of the morning till the stars appeared.

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**Who acts:** we, half, stars, morning · **What happens:** wrought, hold, appear, rise · **To what, where:** work, spears, rising

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This is Nehemiah 4:15 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, half, stars, morning), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:NEH:98
# text = So we wrought in the work; and half of them held the spears from the rising of the morning till the stars appeared.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wrought	wrought	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
9	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	12	nsubj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nmod	_	_
12	held	hold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	spears	spear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	rising	rising	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
21	till	till	ADP	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nsubj	_	_
24	appeared	appear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	advcl	_	_
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wrought** | past | we |  |  | the work |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **hold** | past | half of places | the spears |  | the rising of the morning |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spear=Theme |
| 3 | **appear** | past | the stars |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **rise** |  | the morning |  |  |  |  |  | nom rising «event intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַאֲנַ֖חְנוּ עֹשִׂ֣ים בַּמְּלָאכָ֑ה וְחֶצְיָ֗ם מַחֲזִיקִים֙ בָּֽרְמָחִ֔ים מֵעֲל֣וֹת הַשַּׁ֔חַר עַ֖ד צֵ֥את הַכּוֹכָבִֽים׃

[Nehemiah 4:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.4.15/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:NEH:98` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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