---
title: Nehemiah 4:16 (JPS 1917) — Likewise at the same time said I unto the people: 'Let every one wit… · tree and pragmatics
description: Likewise at the same time said I unto the people: 'Let every one with his servant lodge within Jerusalem, that in the night they may be a guard to us, and may labour in the day.' Who acts: I, one, stars. Nehemiah 4:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Nehemiah 4:16 · JPS 1917

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Likewise at the same time said I unto the people: 'Let every one with his servant lodge within Jerusalem, that in the night they may be a guard to us, and may labour in the day.'

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**Who acts:** I, one, stars · **What happens:** say, let, lodge, be, labour · **To what, where:** guard, us · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Nehemiah 4:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, one, stars), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:NEH:99
# text = Likewise at the same time said I unto the people: 'Let every one with his servant lodge within Jerusalem, that in the night they may be a guard to us, and may labour in the day.'
1	Likewise	likewise	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
2	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
6	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
8	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
12	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	_
13	Let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	ccomp	_	_
14	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	15	det	_	_
15	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
16	with	with	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
19	lodge	lodge	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	_
20	within	within	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	Jerusalem	Jerusalem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
23	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	31	mark	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
27	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
28	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	31	aux	_	_
29	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	31	cop	_	_
30	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	guard	guard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	advcl	_	_
32	to	to	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	31	nmod	_	_
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
36	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	37	aux	_	_
37	labour	labour	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	31	conj	_	_
38	in	in	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obl	_	_
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
42	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: suggest
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- hedged: yes
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | I |  |  |  | time | unto the people; likewise *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **let** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **lodge** | infinitive | every one with half's servant |  |  |  |  | within Jerusalem | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **is a** | may | stars *= star* | a guard | us |  | night |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **labour** | may | stars *= star* *not said here* |  |  |  | day |  | vn work-73.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
גַּ֣ם בָּעֵ֤ת הַהִיא֙ אָמַ֣רְתִּי לָעָ֔ם אִ֣ישׁ וְנַעֲר֔וֹ יָלִ֖ינוּ בְּת֣וֹךְ יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑ם וְהָֽיוּ־לָ֧נוּ הַלַּ֛יְלָה מִשְׁמָ֖ר וְהַיּ֥וֹם מְלָאכָֽה׃

[Nehemiah 4:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.4.16/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:NEH:99` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Nehemiah 4:15 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.98/)
- next →: [Nehemiah 4:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.100/)
- ↑ back to [Nehemiah 4:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.4.16/)