---
title: Proverbs 10:14 (JPS 1917) — Wise men lay up knowledge; but the mouth of the foolish is an immine… · tree and pragmatics
description: Wise men lay up knowledge; but the mouth of the foolish is an imminent ruin. Who acts: Wise men, mouth. Proverbs 10:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Proverbs 10:14 · JPS 1917

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Wise men lay up knowledge; but the mouth of the foolish is an imminent ruin.

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**Who acts:** Wise men, mouth · **What happens:** lay up, be · **To what, where:** knowledge, imminent ruin

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This is Proverbs 10:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wise men, mouth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PRO:272
# text = Wise men lay up knowledge; but the mouth of the foolish is an imminent ruin.
1	Wise	wise	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lay	lay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	foolish	foolish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	nmod	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
14	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	imminent	imminent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	ruin	ruin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert, voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay up** | present | Wise men | knowledge |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent knowledge=Result |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the mouth of the foolish | a imminent ruin |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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חֲכָמִ֥ים יִצְפְּנוּ־דָ֑עַת וּפִֽי־אֱ֝וִיל מְחִתָּ֥ה קְרֹבָֽה׃

[Proverbs 10:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.10.14/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PRO:272` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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