---
title: Proverbs 11:18 (JPS 1917) — The wicked earneth deceitful wages; but he that soweth righteousness… · tree and pragmatics
description: The wicked earneth deceitful wages; but he that soweth righteousness hath a sure reward. Who acts: wicked. Proverbs 11:18 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Proverbs 11:18 · JPS 1917

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The wicked earneth deceitful wages; but he that soweth righteousness hath a sure reward.

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**Who acts:** wicked · **What happens:** earn, sow, have · **To what, where:** deceitful wages, righteousness, sure reward

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This is Proverbs 11:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wicked), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PRO:308
# text = The wicked earneth deceitful wages; but he that soweth righteousness hath a sure reward.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wicked	wicked	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	earneth	earn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	deceitful	deceitful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	wages	wage	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	soweth	sow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	righteousness	righteousness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
12	hath	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	sure	sure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	reward	reward	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **earn** | present | the wicked | deceitful wages |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wage=Theme |
| 2 | **sow** | present |  | righteousness |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent righteousness=Theme |
| 3 | **have** | present | wicked | a sure reward |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reward=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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רָשָׁ֗ע עֹשֶׂ֥ה פְעֻלַּת־שָׁ֑קֶר וְזֹרֵ֥עַ צְ֝דָקָ֗ה שֶׂ֣כֶר אֱמֶֽת׃

[Proverbs 11:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.11.18/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PRO:308` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Proverbs 11:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.307/)
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- ↑ back to [Proverbs 11:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.11.18/)