---
title: Proverbs 12:23 (JPS 1917) — A prudent man concealeth knowledge; but the heart of fools proclaime… · tree and pragmatics
description: A prudent man concealeth knowledge; but the heart of fools proclaimeth foolishness. Who acts: prudent man, heart. Proverbs 12:23 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Proverbs 12:23 · JPS 1917

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A prudent man concealeth knowledge; but the heart of fools proclaimeth foolishness.

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**Who acts:** prudent man, heart · **What happens:** conceal, proclaim · **To what, where:** knowledge, foolishness

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This is Proverbs 12:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (prudent man, heart), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PRO:344
# text = A prudent man concealeth knowledge; but the heart of fools proclaimeth foolishness.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	prudent	prudent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	concealeth	conceal	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	fools	fool	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
12	proclaimeth	proclaim	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
13	foolishness	foolishness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **conceal** | present | a prudent man | knowledge |  |  |  |  | vn concealment-16 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent knowledge=Patient |
| 2 | **proclaim** | present | the heart of fools | foolishness |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent foolishness=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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אָדָ֣ם עָ֭רוּם כֹּ֣סֶה דָּ֑עַת וְלֵ֥ב כְּ֝סִילִ֗ים יִקְרָ֥א אִוֶּֽלֶת׃

[Proverbs 12:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.12.23/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PRO:344` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Proverbs 12:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.343/)
- next →: [Proverbs 12:24 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.345/)
- ↑ back to [Proverbs 12:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.12.23/)