---
title: Proverbs 12:26 (JPS 1917) — The righteous is guided by his friend; but the way of the wicked lea… · tree and pragmatics
description: The righteous is guided by his friend; but the way of the wicked leadeth them astray. Who acts: friend, way. Proverbs 12:26 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Proverbs 12:26 · JPS 1917

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The righteous is guided by his friend; but the way of the wicked leadeth them astray.

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**Who acts:** friend, way · **What happens:** guide, lead · **To what, where:** righteous, words

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This is Proverbs 12:26 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (friend, way), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PRO:347
# text = The righteous is guided by his friend; but the way of the wicked leadeth them astray.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	righteous	righteous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	guided	guide	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:agent	_	_
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
9	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	wicked	wicked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	nmod	_	_
15	leadeth	lead	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
16	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	astray	astray	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **guide** | present · passive | man's friend | the righteous |  |  |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
| 2 | **lead** | present | the way of the wicked | words *= word* |  |  |  | astray *property* | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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יָתֵ֣ר מֵרֵעֵ֣הוּ צַדִּ֑יק וְדֶ֖רֶךְ רְשָׁעִ֣ים תַּתְעֵֽם׃

[Proverbs 12:26: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.12.26/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PRO:347` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Proverbs 12:25 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.346/)
- next →: [Proverbs 12:27 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.348/)
- ↑ back to [Proverbs 12:26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.12.26/)