---
title: Proverbs 13:17 (JPS 1917) — A wicked messenger falleth into evil; but a faithful ambassador is h… · tree and pragmatics
description: A wicked messenger falleth into evil; but a faithful ambassador is health. Who acts: wicked messenger, faithful ambassador. Proverbs 13:17 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Proverbs 13:17 · JPS 1917

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A wicked messenger falleth into evil; but a faithful ambassador is health.

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**Who acts:** wicked messenger, faithful ambassador · **What happens:** fall, be · **To what, where:** evil, health

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This is Proverbs 13:17 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wicked messenger, faithful ambassador), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PRO:366
# text = A wicked messenger falleth into evil; but a faithful ambassador is health.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	wicked	wicked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	messenger	messenger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	falleth	fall	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	evil	evil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
8	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	faithful	faithful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	ambassador	ambassador	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	health	health	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | present | a wicked messenger |  |  |  |  | into evil *result* | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into evil=Result |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a faithful ambassador | health |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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מַלְאָ֣ךְ רָ֭שָׁע יִפֹּ֣ל בְּרָ֑ע וְצִ֖יר אֱמוּנִ֣ים מַרְפֵּֽא׃

[Proverbs 13:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.13.17/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PRO:366` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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