---
title: Proverbs 14:20 (JPS 1917) — The poor is hated even of his own neighbour; but the rich hath many… · tree and pragmatics
description: The poor is hated even of his own neighbour; but the rich hath many friends. Who acts: rich. Proverbs 14:20 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Proverbs 14:20 · JPS 1917

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The poor is hated even of his own neighbour; but the rich hath many friends.

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**Who acts:** rich · **What happens:** hate, have · **To what, where:** poor, many friends

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This is Proverbs 14:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rich), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PRO:394
# text = The poor is hated even of his own neighbour; but the rich hath many friends.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	poor	poor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	hated	hate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	even	even	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	neighbour	neighbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
11	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	rich	rich	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	hath	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
15	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed polarity=none

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hate** | present · passive |  | the poor |  |  |  | of evil's own neighbour | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus |
| 2 | **have** | present | the rich | many friends |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friend=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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גַּם־לְ֭רֵעֵהוּ יִשָּׂ֣נֵא רָ֑שׁ וְאֹהֲבֵ֖י עָשִׁ֣יר רַבִּֽים׃

[Proverbs 14:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.14.20/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PRO:394` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Proverbs 14:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.393/)
- next →: [Proverbs 14:21 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.395/)
- ↑ back to [Proverbs 14:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.14.20/)