---
title: Proverbs 16:18 (JPS 1917) — Pride goeth before destruction, and a haughty spirit before a fall. · tree and pragmatics
description: Pride goeth before destruction, and a haughty spirit before a fall. Who acts: Pride. Proverbs 16:18 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Proverbs 16:18 · JPS 1917

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Pride goeth before destruction, and a haughty spirit before a fall.

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**Who acts:** Pride · **What happens:** go · **To what, where:** destruction

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This is Proverbs 16:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pride), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PRO:461
# text = Pride goeth before destruction, and a haughty spirit before a fall.
1	Pride	pride	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	goeth	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	before	before	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	destruction	destruction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	haughty	haughty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	spirit	spirit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
10	before	before	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	fall	fall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | present | Pride |  |  | destruction |  |  | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme before destruction=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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לִפְנֵי־שֶׁ֥בֶר גָּא֑וֹן וְלִפְנֵ֥י כִ֝שָּׁל֗וֹן גֹּ֣בַהּ רֽוּחַ׃

[Proverbs 16:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.16.18/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PRO:461` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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