---
title: Proverbs 2:14 (JPS 1917) — Who rejoice to do evil, and delight in the frowardness of evil; · tree and pragmatics
description: Who rejoice to do evil, and delight in the frowardness of evil; Proverbs 2:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Proverbs 2:14 · JPS 1917

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Who rejoice to do evil, and delight in the frowardness of evil;

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**What happens:** rejoice, do, delight · **To what, where:** evil, frowardness

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This is Proverbs 2:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PRO:47
# text = Who rejoice to do evil, and delight in the frowardness of evil;
1	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	2	nsubj	_	_
2	rejoice	rejoice	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	evil	evil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	delight	delight	VERB	VB	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	frowardness	frowardness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	evil	evil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rejoice** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | to-infinitive |  | evil |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent evil=Eventuality |
| 3 | **delight** | infinitive |  |  |  | the frowardness of evil |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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הַ֭שְּׂמֵחִים לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת רָ֑ע יָ֝גִ֗ילוּ בְּֽתַהְפֻּכ֥וֹת רָֽע׃

[Proverbs 2:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.2.14/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PRO:47` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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