---
title: Proverbs 19:4 (JPS 1917) — Wealth addeth many friends; but as for the poor, his friend separate… · tree and pragmatics
description: Wealth addeth many friends; but as for the poor, his friend separateth himself from him. Who acts: Wealth, friend. Proverbs 19:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Proverbs 19:4 · JPS 1917

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Wealth addeth many friends; but as for the poor, his friend separateth himself from him.

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**Who acts:** Wealth, friend · **What happens:** add, separate · **To what, where:** many friends, Wealth

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This is Proverbs 19:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wealth, friend), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PRO:532
# text = Wealth addeth many friends; but as for the poor, his friend separateth himself from him.
1	Wealth	wealth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	addeth	add	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	fixed	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	poor	poor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	separateth	separate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
15	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	14	obj	_	_
16	from	from	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obl	_	_
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: changed voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **add** *speech: assert* | present | Wealth | many friends |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friend=Patient |
| 2 | **separate** | present | poor's friend | Wealth |  |  |  | as the poor; from poor | vn separate-23.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent himself=Patient from he=Co-Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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ה֗וֹן יֹ֭סִיף רֵעִ֣ים רַבִּ֑ים וְ֝דָ֗ל מֵרֵ֥עהוּיִפָּרֵֽד׃

[Proverbs 19:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.19.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PRO:532` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Proverbs 19:3 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.531/)
- next →: [Proverbs 19:5 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.533/)
- ↑ back to [Proverbs 19:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.19.4/)