---
title: Proverbs 19:9 (JPS 1917) — A false witness shall not be unpunished; and he that breatheth forth… · tree and pragmatics
description: A false witness shall not be unpunished; and he that breatheth forth lies shall perish. Who acts: poor. Proverbs 19:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.538/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Proverbs](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO/19/) / [19:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.19.9/) / JPS 1

# Proverbs 19:9 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A false witness shall not be unpunished; and he that breatheth forth lies shall perish.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** poor · **What happens:** not unpunish, breathe, perish · **To what, where:** false witness, lies

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Proverbs 19:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (poor), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PRO:538
# text = A false witness shall not be unpunished; and he that breatheth forth lies shall perish.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	false	false	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	witness	witness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	unpunished	unpunish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	breatheth	breathe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	lies	lie	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
15	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	perish	perish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert, voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **unpunish** | shall · passive |  | a false witness |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **breathe** | present |  | lies |  |  |  | forth *property* | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lie=Theme |
| 3 | **perish** | shall | poor |  |  |  |  |  | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
עֵ֣ד שְׁ֭קָרִים לֹ֣א יִנָּקֶ֑ה וְיָפִ֖יחַ כְּזָבִ֣ים יֹאבֵֽד׃פ

[Proverbs 19:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.19.9/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PRO:538` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Proverbs 19:8 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.537/)
- next →: [Proverbs 19:10 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.539/)
- ↑ back to [Proverbs 19:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.19.9/)