---
title: Proverbs 21:4 (JPS 1917) — A haughty look, and a proud heart — the tillage of the wicked is sin. · tree and pragmatics
description: A haughty look, and a proud heart — the tillage of the wicked is sin. Who acts: tillage. Proverbs 21:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Proverbs 21:4 · JPS 1917

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A haughty look, and a proud heart — the tillage of the wicked is sin.

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**Who acts:** tillage · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** sin

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This is Proverbs 21:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tillage), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PRO:592
# text = A haughty look, and a proud heart — the tillage of the wicked is sin.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	haughty	haughty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	look	look	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	proud	proud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
9	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	tillage	tillage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	wicked	wicked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	nmod	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
16	sin	sin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: evaluate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=evaluate

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the tillage of the wicked | sin |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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רוּם־עֵ֭ינַיִם וּרְחַב־לֵ֑ב נִ֖ר רְשָׁעִ֣ים חַטָּֽאת׃

[Proverbs 21:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.21.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PRO:592` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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