---
title: Proverbs 21:29 (JPS 1917) — A wicked man hardeneth his face; but as for the upright, he looketh… · tree and pragmatics
description: A wicked man hardeneth his face; but as for the upright, he looketh well to his way. Who acts: wicked man, man. Proverbs 21:29 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Proverbs 21:29 · JPS 1917

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A wicked man hardeneth his face; but as for the upright, he looketh well to his way.

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**Who acts:** wicked man, man · **What happens:** harden, look · **To what, where:** face

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This is Proverbs 21:29 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wicked man, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PRO:617
# text = A wicked man hardeneth his face; but as for the upright, he looketh well to his way.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	wicked	wicked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	hardeneth	harden	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
8	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	fixed	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	upright	upright	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	looketh	look	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
16	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	15	advmod	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **harden** | present | a wicked man | man's face |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent face=Patient |
| 2 | **look** | present | man |  |  |  |  | as the upright; to man's way; well *property* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to way=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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הֵעֵ֬ז אִ֣ישׁ רָשָׁ֣ע בְּפָנָ֑יו וְ֝יָשָׁ֗ר ה֤וּא ׀ יָבִ֬ין דַּרְכּֽוֹ׃

[Proverbs 21:29: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.21.29/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PRO:617` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ↑ back to [Proverbs 21:29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.21.29/)