---
title: Proverbs 21:31 (JPS 1917) — The horse is prepared against the day of battle; but victory is of t… · tree and pragmatics
description: The horse is prepared against the day of battle; but victory is of the LORD. Who acts: victory. Proverbs 21:31 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Proverbs 21:31 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The horse is prepared against the day of battle; but victory is of the LORD.

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**Who acts:** victory · **What happens:** prepare, be · **To what, where:** horse

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This is Proverbs 21:31 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (victory), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PRO:619
# text = The horse is prepared against the day of battle; but victory is of the LORD.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	prepared	prepare	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	against	against	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
11	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
12	victory	victory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	LORD	lord	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prepare** | present · passive |  | the horse |  |  | day |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present | victory |  |  |  |  | of the LORD | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
ס֗וּס מ֭וּכָן לְי֣וֹם מִלְחָמָ֑ה וְ֝לַֽיהוָ֗ה הַתְּשׁוּעָֽה׃

[Proverbs 21:31: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.21.31/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PRO:619` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Proverbs 21:30 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.618/)
- next →: [Proverbs 22:1 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.620/)
- ↑ back to [Proverbs 21:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.21.31/)