---
title: Proverbs 22:7 (JPS 1917) — The rich ruleth over the poor, and the borrower is servant to the le… · tree and pragmatics
description: The rich ruleth over the poor, and the borrower is servant to the lender. Who acts: rich, borrower. Proverbs 22:7 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Proverbs 22:7 · JPS 1917

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The rich ruleth over the poor, and the borrower is servant to the lender.

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**Who acts:** rich, borrower · **What happens:** rule, be · **To what, where:** poor, servant

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This is Proverbs 22:7 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rich, borrower), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PRO:626
# text = The rich ruleth over the poor, and the borrower is servant to the lender.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rich	rich	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ruleth	rule	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	over	over	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	poor	poor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	borrower	borrower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	lender	lender	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: changed act=assert

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rule** | present | the rich |  |  | the poor |  |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the borrower | servant |  |  |  | to the lender | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
עָ֭שִׁיר בְּרָשִׁ֣ים יִמְשׁ֑וֹל וְעֶ֥בֶד לֹ֝וֶ֗ה לְאִ֣ישׁ מַלְוֶֽה׃

[Proverbs 22:7: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.22.7/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PRO:626` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ↑ back to [Proverbs 22:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.22.7/)