---
title: Proverbs 24:17 (JPS 1917) — Rejoice not when thine enemy falleth, and let not thy heart be glad… · tree and pragmatics
description: Rejoice not when thine enemy falleth, and let not thy heart be glad when he stumbleth; Who acts: you, enemy, heart. Proverbs 24:17 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Proverbs 24:17 · JPS 1917

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Rejoice not when thine enemy falleth, and let not thy heart be glad when he stumbleth;

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**Who acts:** you, enemy, heart · **What happens:** not rejoice, fall, not let, be, stumble

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This is Proverbs 24:17 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, enemy, heart), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PRO:703
# text = Rejoice not when thine enemy falleth, and let not thy heart be glad when he stumbleth;
1	Rejoice	rejoice	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	1	advmod	_	_
3	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	6	mark	_	_
4	thine	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	falleth	fall	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
11	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
13	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	cop	_	_
14	glad	glad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	_
15	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	17	mark	_	_
16	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	stumbleth	stumble	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	advcl	_	_
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: pos
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **rejoice** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **fall** | present | thine enemy |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **not** **let** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | infinitive | thy heart |  |  |  |  | glad *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **stumble** | present | enemy |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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בִּנְפֹ֣ל אֽ֭וֹיִבְךָאַל־תִּשְׂמָ֑ח וּ֝בִכָּשְׁל֗וֹ אַל־יָגֵ֥ל לִבֶּֽךָ׃

[Proverbs 24:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.24.17/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PRO:703` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Proverbs 24:16 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.702/)
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- ↑ back to [Proverbs 24:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.24.17/)