---
title: Proverbs 26:18 (JPS 1917) — As a madman who casteth firebrands, arrows, and death; · tree and pragmatics
description: As a madman who casteth firebrands, arrows, and death; Who acts: madman. Proverbs 26:18 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.767/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Proverbs](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO/) / [chapter 26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO/26/) / [26:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.26.18/) / JPS 1

# Proverbs 26:18 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As a madman who casteth firebrands, arrows, and death;

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** madman · **What happens:** cast · **To what, where:** firebrands

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Proverbs 26:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (madman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PRO:767
# text = As a madman who casteth firebrands, arrows, and death;
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	madman	madman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	casteth	cast	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	firebrands	firebrand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	arrows	arrow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cast** | present | a madman | firebrands and arrows and death |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent firebrand=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
כְּֽ֭מִתְלַהְלֵהַּ הַיֹּרֶ֥ה זִקִּ֗ים חִצִּ֥ים וָמָֽוֶת׃

[Proverbs 26:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.26.18/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PRO:767` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Proverbs 26:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.766/)
- next →: [Proverbs 26:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.768/)
- ↑ back to [Proverbs 26:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.26.18/)