---
title: Proverbs 28:10 (JPS 1917) — Whoso causeth the upright to go astray in an evil way, he shall fall… · tree and pragmatics
description: Whoso causeth the upright to go astray in an evil way, he shall fall himself into his own pit; but the whole-hearted shall inherit good. Who acts: Whoso, upright, man, whole hearted. Proverbs 28:10 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Proverbs 28:10 · JPS 1917

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Whoso causeth the upright to go astray in an evil way, he shall fall himself into his own pit; but the whole-hearted shall inherit good.

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**Who acts:** Whoso, upright, man, whole hearted · **What happens:** cause, go, fall, inherit · **To what, where:** upright, evil way, man, own pit, good

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This is Proverbs 28:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Whoso, upright, man, whole hearted), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PRO:814
# text = Whoso causeth the upright to go astray in an evil way, he shall fall himself into his own pit; but the whole-hearted shall inherit good.
1	Whoso	whoso	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	2	nsubj	_	_
2	causeth	cause	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	csubj	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	upright	upright	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
7	astray	astray	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	evil	evil	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
14	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	fall	fall	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
16	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	15	obj	_	_
17	into	into	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
19	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	pit	pit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
21	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	28	punct	_	_
22	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
24	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
25	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	26	punct	_	_
26	hearted	whole-hearted	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
27	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
28	inherit	inherit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	conj	_	_
29	good	good	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	_
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed polarity=none

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | present | Whoso | the upright |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **go** | to-infinitive | the upright *not said here* |  |  | a evil way |  | astray *property* | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in way=Location |
| 3 | **fall** | shall | man | man |  | man's own pit |  |  | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient himself=Result |
| 4 | **inherit** | shall | the whole hearted | good |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent good=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
מַשְׁגֶּ֤ה יְשָׁרִ֨ים ׀ בְּדֶ֥רֶךְ רָ֗ע בִּשְׁחוּת֥וֹ הֽוּא־יִפּ֑וֹל וּ֝תְמִימִ֗ים יִנְחֲלוּ־טֽוֹב׃

[Proverbs 28:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.28.10/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PRO:814` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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