---
title: Proverbs 29:4 (JPS 1917) — The king by justice establisheth the land; but he that exacteth gift… · tree and pragmatics
description: The king by justice establisheth the land; but he that exacteth gifts overthroweth it. Who acts: king. Proverbs 29:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.836/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Proverbs](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO/) / [chapter 29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO/29/) / [29:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.29.4/) / JPS 1

# Proverbs 29:4 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The king by justice establisheth the land; but he that exacteth gifts overthroweth it.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** king · **What happens:** establish, exact, overthrow · **To what, where:** land, gifts

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Proverbs 29:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PRO:836
# text = The king by justice establisheth the land; but he that exacteth gifts overthroweth it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	justice	justice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
5	establisheth	establish	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
9	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	exacteth	exact	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	gifts	gift	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
14	overthroweth	overthrow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **establish** | present | the king | the land |  |  |  | by justice | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent land=Patient |
| 2 | **exact** | present |  | gifts |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gift=Theme |
| 3 | **overthrow** | present | king | land |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
מֶ֗לֶךְ בְּ֭מִשְׁפָּט יַעֲמִ֣יד אָ֑רֶץ וְאִ֖ישׁ תְּרוּמ֣וֹת יֶֽהֶרְסֶֽנָּה׃

[Proverbs 29:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.29.4/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PRO:836` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Proverbs 29:3 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.835/)
- next →: [Proverbs 29:5 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.837/)
- ↑ back to [Proverbs 29:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.29.4/)