---
title: Proverbs 30:16 (JPS 1917) — The grave; and the barren womb; the earth that is not satisfied with… · tree and pragmatics
description: The grave; and the barren womb; the earth that is not satisfied with water; and the fire that saith not: 'Enough.' Who acts: fire. Proverbs 30:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Proverbs 30:16 · JPS 1917

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The grave; and the barren womb; the earth that is not satisfied with water; and the fire that saith not: 'Enough.'

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**Who acts:** fire · **What happens:** not satisfy, not say · **To what, where:** earth · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Proverbs 30:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fire), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PRO:880
# text = The grave; and the barren womb; the earth that is not satisfied with water; and the fire that saith not: 'Enough.'
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	grave	grave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	barren	barren	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	womb	womb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
14	satisfied	satisfy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl:relcl	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
21	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	22	nsubj	_	_
22	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	acl:relcl	_	_
23	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	22	advmod	_	_
24	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
25	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	26	punct	_	_
26	Enough	enough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	ccomp	_	_
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	26	punct	_	_
28	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	26	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: fragment
- act: other
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=other, form=frag

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **satisfy** | present · passive |  | the earth |  |  |  | with water | vn satisfy-55.7 «NP V NP PP»: subject=Theme with water=Instrument |
| 2 | **not** **say** *speech: assert* | present | the fire |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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שְׁאוֹל֮ וְעֹ֪צֶ֫ר רָ֥חַם אֶ֭רֶץ לֹא־שָׂ֣בְעָה מַּ֑יִם וְ֝אֵ֗שׁ לֹא־אָ֥מְרָה הֽוֹן׃

[Proverbs 30:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.30.16/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PRO:880` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Proverbs 30:15 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.879/)
- next →: [Proverbs 30:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.881/)
- ↑ back to [Proverbs 30:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.30.16/)