---
title: Proverbs 30:23 (JPS 1917) — For an odious woman when she is married; and a handmaid that is heir… · tree and pragmatics
description: For an odious woman when she is married; and a handmaid that is heir to her mistress. Who acts: handmaid. Proverbs 30:23 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Proverbs 30:23 · JPS 1917

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For an odious woman when she is married; and a handmaid that is heir to her mistress.

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**Who acts:** handmaid · **What happens:** marry, be · **To what, where:** woman, heir

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This is Proverbs 30:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (handmaid), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PRO:887
# text = For an odious woman when she is married; and a handmaid that is heir to her mistress.
1	For	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	odious	odious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	8	mark	_	_
6	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	married	marry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	_
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	handmaid	handmaid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
13	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
15	heir	heir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	acl:relcl	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	mistress	mistress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: evaluate
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: changed act=evaluate, polarity=neg, voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **marry** | present · passive |  | woman |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a handmaid | heir |  |  |  | to woman's mistress | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
תַּ֣חַת שְׂ֭נוּאָה כִּ֣י תִבָּעֵ֑ל וְ֝שִׁפְחָ֗ה כִּֽי־תִירַ֥שׁ גְּבִרְתָּֽהּ׃פ

[Proverbs 30:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.30.23/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PRO:887` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Proverbs 30:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.886/)
- next →: [Proverbs 30:24 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.888/)
- ↑ back to [Proverbs 30:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.30.23/)