---
title: Proverbs 30:30 (JPS 1917) — The lion, which is mightiest among beasts, and turneth not away for… · tree and pragmatics
description: The lion, which is mightiest among beasts, and turneth not away for any; Who acts: lion. Proverbs 30:30 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Proverbs 30:30 · JPS 1917

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The lion, which is mightiest among beasts, and turneth not away for any;

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**Who acts:** lion · **What happens:** be, not turn away

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This is Proverbs 30:30 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lion), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PRO:894
# text = The lion, which is mightiest among beasts, and turneth not away for any;
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	mightiest	mighty	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	2	acl:relcl	_	_
7	among	among	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	beasts	beast	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	turneth	turn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
13	away	away	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
14	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	11	obl	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: fragment
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed form=frag

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the lion |  |  |  |  | among beasts; mighty *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **turn away** | present | the lion *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for any; away *property* | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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לַ֭יִשׁ גִּבּ֣וֹר בַּבְּהֵמָ֑ה וְלֹא־יָ֝שׁ֗וּב מִפְּנֵי־כֹֽל׃

[Proverbs 30:30: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.30.30/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PRO:894` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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