---
title: Psalms 9:16 (JPS 1917) — The nations are sunk down in the pit that they made; in the net whic… · tree and pragmatics
description: The nations are sunk down in the pit that they made; in the net which they hid is their own foot taken. Who acts: nations. Psalms 9:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 9:16 · JPS 1917

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The nations are sunk down in the pit that they made; in the net which they hid is their own foot taken.

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**Who acts:** nations · **What happens:** sink down, make, hide, take · **To what, where:** nations, pit, net, own foot

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This is Psalms 9:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (nations), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:111
# text = The nations are sunk down in the pit that they made; in the net which they hid is their own foot taken.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	nations	nation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	sunk	sink	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	down	down	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	pit	pit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	obj	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	net	net	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
16	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	obj	_	_
17	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	hid	hide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	acl:relcl	_	_
19	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux:pass	_	_
20	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
21	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	foot	foot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj:pass	_	_
23	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	parataxis	_	_
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sink down** | present · passive |  | the nations |  | the pit |  | down *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **make** | past | nations *= nation* | the pit |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset that=Product |
| 3 | **hide** | past | nations *= nation* | the net |  |  |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Patient |
| 4 | **take** | present · passive |  | nations's own foot |  | the net |  |  | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Value in net=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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טָבְע֣וּ ג֭וֹיִם בְּשַׁ֣חַת עָשׂ֑וּ בְּרֶֽשֶׁת־ז֥וּ טָ֝מָ֗נוּ נִלְכְּדָ֥ה רַגְלָֽם׃

[Psalms 9:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.9.16/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:111` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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