---
title: Psalms 68:28 (JPS 1917) — There is Benjamin, the youngest, ruling them, the princes of Judah t… · tree and pragmatics
description: There is Benjamin, the youngest, ruling them, the princes of Judah their council, the princes of Zebulun, the princes of Naphtali. Who acts: Benjamin. Psalms 68:28 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 68:28 · JPS 1917

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There is Benjamin, the youngest, ruling them, the princes of Judah their council, the princes of Zebulun, the princes of Naphtali.

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**Who acts:** Benjamin · **What happens:** be, rule · **To what, where:** assemblies

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This is Psalms 68:28 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Benjamin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:1118
# text = There is Benjamin, the youngest, ruling them, the princes of Judah their council, the princes of Zebulun, the princes of Naphtali.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Benjamin	Benjamin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	youngest	youngest	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	3	appos	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	ruling	rule	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	acl	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	princes	prince	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	appos	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
15	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	council	council	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	princes	prince	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	appos	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	Zebulun	Zebulun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	princes	prince	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	appos	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	Naphtali	Naphtali	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | Benjamin |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **rule** | gerund | Benjamin *not said here* | assemblies *= assembly* |  |  |  |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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שָׁ֤ם בִּנְיָמִ֨ן ׀ צָעִ֡יר רֹדֵ֗ם שָׂרֵ֣י יְ֭הוּדָה רִגְמָתָ֑ם שָׂרֵ֥י זְ֝בֻל֗וּן שָׂרֵ֥י נַפְתָּלִֽי׃

[Psalms 68:28: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.68.28/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:1118` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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