---
title: Psalms 68:34 (JPS 1917) — To Him that rideth upon the heavens of heavens, which are of old; lo… · tree and pragmatics
description: To Him that rideth upon the heavens of heavens, which are of old; lo, He uttereth His voice, a mighty voice. Who acts: heavens, God. Psalms 68:34 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 68:34 · JPS 1917

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To Him that rideth upon the heavens of heavens, which are of old; lo, He uttereth His voice, a mighty voice.

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**Who acts:** heavens, God · **What happens:** ride, be, utter · **To what, where:** voice, God

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This is Psalms 68:34 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heavens, God), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:1124
# text = To Him that rideth upon the heavens of heavens, which are of old; lo, He uttereth His voice, a mighty voice.
1	To	to	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obl	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	rideth	ride	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	heavens	heaven	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	heavens	heaven	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
12	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	acl:relcl	_	_
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
16	lo	lo	INTJ	UH	_	19	discourse	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
18	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	uttereth	utter	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
20	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	mighty	mighty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	appos	_	_
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ride** | present |  |  |  |  |  | upon the heavens of heavens | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | the heavens of heavens |  |  |  |  | old *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **utter** *speech: other* | present | God | God's voice | God |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent voice=Topic to he=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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לָ֭רֹכֵב בִּשְׁמֵ֣י שְׁמֵי־קֶ֑דֶם הֵ֥ן יִתֵּ֥ן בְּ֝קוֹלוֹ ק֣וֹל עֹֽז׃

[Psalms 68:34: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.68.34/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:1124` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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