---
title: Psalms 10:1 (JPS 1917) — Why standest Thou afar off, O LORD? · tree and pragmatics
description: Why standest Thou afar off, O LORD? Who acts: Thou. Psalms 10:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 10:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

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Why standest Thou afar off, O LORD?

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**Who acts:** Thou · **What happens:** stand

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This is Psalms 10:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:117
# text = Why standest Thou afar off, O LORD?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	standest	stand	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	2	nsubj	_	_
4	afar	afar	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	off	off	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	8	discourse	_	_
8	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	vocative	_	_
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: wh-question
- act: ask
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=ask, polarity=none, voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | present | Thou |  |  |  |  | LORD *vocative*; off *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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לָמָ֣ה יְ֭הוָה תַּעֲמֹ֣ד בְּרָח֑וֹק תַּ֝עְלִ֗ים לְעִתּ֥וֹת בַּצָּרָֽה׃

[Psalms 10:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.10.1/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. **Why standest Thou afar off, O LORD?**
2. [Why hidest Thou Thyself in times of trouble?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.118/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:117` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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