---
title: Psalms 74:8 (JPS 1917) — They said in their heart: 'Let us make havoc of them altogether'; th… · tree and pragmatics
description: They said in their heart: 'Let us make havoc of them altogether'; they have burned up all the meeting-places of God in the land. Who acts: men, us. Psalms 74:8 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 74:8 · JPS 1917

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They said in their heart: 'Let us make havoc of them altogether'; they have burned up all the meeting-places of God in the land.

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**Who acts:** men, us · **What happens:** say, let, make, burn up · **To what, where:** heart, us, havoc, meeting places, land · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Psalms 74:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, us), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:1259
# text = They said in their heart: 'Let us make havoc of them altogether'; they have burned up all the meeting-places of God in the land.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	_
8	Let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
9	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	havoc	havoc	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nmod	_	_
14	altogether	altogether	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
15	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
17	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
18	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	burned	burn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	2	parataxis	_	_
20	up	up	ADP	RP	_	19	compound:prt	_	_
21	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	25	det:predet	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
23	meeting	meeting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	_
24	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	23	punct	_	_
25	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obj	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
28	in	in	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed form=decl, act=narrate, voice=narrator

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | men *= man* |  |  | men's heart |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **let** | infinitive |  | us |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **make** | infinitive | us *not said here* | havoc of men |  |  |  | altogether *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset havoc=Product |
| 4 | **burn up** | present · perfect | men *= man* | all meeting places of God |  | the land |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent place=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
אָמְר֣וּ בְ֭לִבָּם נִינָ֣ם יָ֑חַד שָׂרְפ֖וּ כָל־מוֹעֲדֵי־אֵ֣ל בָּאָֽרֶץ׃

[Psalms 74:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.74.8/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:1259` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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