---
title: Psalms 74:14 (JPS 1917) — Thou didst crush the heads of leviathan, Thou gavest him to be food… · tree and pragmatics
description: Thou didst crush the heads of leviathan, Thou gavest him to be food to the folk inhabiting the wilderness. Who acts: Thou, folk. Psalms 74:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 74:14 · JPS 1917

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Thou didst crush the heads of leviathan, Thou gavest him to be food to the folk inhabiting the wilderness.

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**Who acts:** Thou, folk · **What happens:** crush, give, be, inhabit · **To what, where:** heads, God, food, wilderness

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This is Psalms 74:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Thou, folk), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:1267
# text = Thou didst crush the heads of leviathan, Thou gavest him to be food to the folk inhabiting the wilderness.
1	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	nsubj	_	_
2	didst	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	crush	crush	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	heads	head	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	leviathan	leviathan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	10	nsubj	_	_
10	gavest	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
13	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	cop	_	_
14	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	xcomp	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	folk	folk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
18	inhabiting	inhabit	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	17	acl	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crush** | past · do-support | Thou | the heads of leviathan |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Patient |
| 2 | **give** | past | Thou | God |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 3 | **is a** | to-infinitive | Thou *not said here* | food |  |  |  | to the folk | tree rules |
| 4 | **inhabit** | gerund | the folk *not said here* | the wilderness |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
אַתָּ֣ה רִ֭צַּצְתָּ רָאשֵׁ֣י לִוְיָתָ֑ן תִּתְּנֶ֥נּוּ מַ֝אֲכָ֗ל לְעָ֣ם לְצִיִּֽים׃

[Psalms 74:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.74.14/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:1267` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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