---
title: Psalms 77:19 (JPS 1917) — The voice of Thy thunder was in the whirlwind; the lightnings lighte… · tree and pragmatics
description: The voice of Thy thunder was in the whirlwind; the lightnings lighted up the world; the earth trembled and shook. Who acts: voice, lightnings, earth, Thy. Psalms 77:19 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 77:19 · JPS 1917

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The voice of Thy thunder was in the whirlwind; the lightnings lighted up the world; the earth trembled and shook.

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**Who acts:** voice, lightnings, earth, Thy · **What happens:** be, light up, tremble, shake, thunder · **To what, where:** whirlwind, world

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This is Psalms 77:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (voice, lightnings, earth, Thy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:1324
# text = The voice of Thy thunder was in the whirlwind; the lightnings lighted up the world; the earth trembled and shook.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	thunder	thunder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	whirlwind	whirlwind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	lightnings	lightning	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
13	lighted	light	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	parataxis	_	_
14	up	up	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
20	trembled	tremble	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	parataxis	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	shook	shake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	conj	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=narrator

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the voice of Thy thunder |  |  | the whirlwind |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **light up** | past | the lightnings | the world |  |  |  |  | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent world=Product |
| 3 | **tremble** | past | the earth |  |  |  |  |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **shake** | past | the earth *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **thunder** |  | Thy |  |  |  |  |  | nom thunder «event intransitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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ק֤וֹל רַעַמְךָ֨ ׀ בַּגַּלְגַּ֗ל הֵאִ֣ירוּ בְרָקִ֣ים תֵּבֵ֑ל רָגְזָ֖ה וַתִּרְעַ֣שׁ הָאָֽרֶץ׃

[Psalms 77:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.77.19/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:1324` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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