---
title: Psalms 12:3 (JPS 1917) — They speak falsehood every one with his neighbour; with flattering l… · tree and pragmatics
description: They speak falsehood every one with his neighbour; with flattering lip, and with a double heart, do they speak. Who acts: children. Psalms 12:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 12:3 · JPS 1917

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They speak falsehood every one with his neighbour; with flattering lip, and with a double heart, do they speak.

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**Who acts:** children · **What happens:** speak · **To what, where:** falsehood · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Psalms 12:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:148
# text = They speak falsehood every one with his neighbour; with flattering lip, and with a double heart, do they speak.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	speak	speak	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	falsehood	falsehood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
5	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	neighbour	neighbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	flattering	flattering	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	lip	lip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	double	double	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
21	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert, voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | children *= child* | falsehood |  |  |  | with faithful's neighbour; every one *obl:unmarked* | tree rules |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | present · do-support | children *= child* |  |  |  |  | with flattering lip; with a double heart | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with lip=Co-Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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שָׁ֤וְא ׀ יְֽדַבְּרוּ֮ אִ֤ישׁ אֶת־רֵ֫עֵ֥הוּ שְׂפַ֥ת חֲלָק֑וֹת בְּלֵ֖ב וָלֵ֣ב יְדַבֵּֽרוּ׃

[Psalms 12:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.12.3/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:148` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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