---
title: Psalms 13:4 (JPS 1917) — Behold Thou, and answer me, O LORD my God; lighten mine eyes, lest I… · tree and pragmatics
description: Behold Thou, and answer me, O LORD my God; lighten mine eyes, lest I sleep the sleep of death; Who acts: Thou, I, death. Psalms 13:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 13:4 · JPS 1917

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Behold Thou, and answer me, O LORD my God; lighten mine eyes, lest I sleep the sleep of death;

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**Who acts:** Thou, I, death · **What happens:** behold, answer, lighten, sleep · **To what, where:** me, eyes, sleep

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This is Psalms 13:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Thou, I, death), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:161
# text = Behold Thou, and answer me, O LORD my God; lighten mine eyes, lest I sleep the sleep of death;
1	Behold	behold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
2	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	1	nsubj	_	_
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	answer	answer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	conj	_	_
6	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	9	discourse	_	_
9	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	vocative	_	_
10	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	_
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
13	lighten	lighten	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
14	mine	mine	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	lest	lest	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
18	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	sleep	sleep	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	advcl	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
24	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed form=imp

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **behold** | infinitive | Thou |  |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **answer** *speech: assert* | infinitive | Thou *not said here* |  | me |  |  | LORD *vocative* | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent i=Eventuality |
| 3 | **lighten** | infinitive |  | mine eyes |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent eye=Patient |
| 4 | **sleep** | present | I | the sleep of death |  |  |  |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sleep=Theme |
| 5 | **sleep** |  | death |  |  |  |  |  | nom sleep «state intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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הַבִּ֣יטָֽה עֲ֭נֵנִי יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהָ֑י הָאִ֥ירָה עֵ֝ינַ֗י פֶּן־אִישַׁ֥ן הַמָּֽוֶת׃

[Psalms 13:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.13.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:161` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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