---
title: Psalms 105:18 (JPS 1917) — His feet they hurt with fetters, his person was laid in iron; · tree and pragmatics
description: His feet they hurt with fetters, his person was laid in iron; Who acts: feet. Psalms 105:18 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 105:18 · JPS 1917

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His feet they hurt with fetters, his person was laid in iron;

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**Who acts:** feet · **What happens:** hurt, lay · **To what, where:** person, iron

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This is Psalms 105:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (feet), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:1879
# text = His feet they hurt with fetters, his person was laid in iron;
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	dislocated	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	hurt	hurt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	parataxis	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	fetters	fetter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	laid	lay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	iron	iron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hurt** | past | feet *= foot* |  |  |  |  | with fetters | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **lay** | past · passive |  | Canaan's person |  | iron |  | Canaan's feet *dislocated* | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in iron=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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עִנּ֣וּ בַכֶּ֣בֶל רַגְל֑וֹ בַּ֝רְזֶ֗ל בָּ֣אָה נַפְשֽׁוֹ׃

[Psalms 105:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.105.18/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:1879` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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