---
title: Psalms 105:39 (JPS 1917) — He spread a cloud for a screen; and fire to give light in the night. · tree and pragmatics
description: He spread a cloud for a screen; and fire to give light in the night. Who acts: fear. Psalms 105:39 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 105:39 · JPS 1917

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He spread a cloud for a screen; and fire to give light in the night.

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**Who acts:** fear · **What happens:** spread, give · **To what, where:** cloud, light

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This is Psalms 105:39 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fear), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:1900
# text = He spread a cloud for a screen; and fire to give light in the night.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spread	spread	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	cloud	cloud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	screen	screen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	acl	_	_
13	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spread** | past | fear | a cloud |  |  |  | for a screen | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location cloud=Theme |
| 2 | **give** | to-infinitive | fear *not said here* | light |  |  | night |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
פָּרַ֣שׂ עָנָ֣ן לְמָסָ֑ךְ וְ֝אֵ֗שׁ לְהָאִ֥יר לָֽיְלָה׃

[Psalms 105:39: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.105.39/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:1900` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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