---
title: Psalms 105:40 (JPS 1917) — They asked, and He brought quails, and gave them in plenty the bread… · tree and pragmatics
description: They asked, and He brought quails, and gave them in plenty the bread of heaven. Who acts: first born, fear. Psalms 105:40 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 105:40 · JPS 1917

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They asked, and He brought quails, and gave them in plenty the bread of heaven.

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**Who acts:** first born, fear · **What happens:** ask, bring, give · **To what, where:** quails, bread, first born, plenty

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This is Psalms 105:40 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (first born, fear), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:1901
# text = They asked, and He brought quails, and gave them in plenty the bread of heaven.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	quails	quail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
11	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	iobj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	plenty	plenty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | first born *= bear* |  |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **bring** | past | fear |  | quails |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument quail=Destination |
| 3 | **give** | past | first born *= bear* *not said here* | the bread of heaven | first born *= bear* | plenty |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient bread=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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שָׁאַ֣ל וַיָּבֵ֣א שְׂלָ֑ו וְלֶ֥חֶם שָׁ֝מַ֗יִם יַשְׂבִּיעֵֽם׃

[Psalms 105:40: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.105.40/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:1901` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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