---
title: Psalms 18:9 (JPS 1917) — Smoke arose up in His nostrils, and fire out of His mouth did devour… · tree and pragmatics
description: Smoke arose up in His nostrils, and fire out of His mouth did devour; coals flamed forth from Him. Who acts: Smoke, fire, coals. Psalms 18:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 18:9 · JPS 1917

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Smoke arose up in His nostrils, and fire out of His mouth did devour; coals flamed forth from Him.

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**Who acts:** Smoke, fire, coals · **What happens:** arise up, devour, flame · **To what, where:** nostrils, mouth

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This is Psalms 18:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Smoke, fire, coals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:219
# text = Smoke arose up in His nostrils, and fire out of His mouth did devour; coals flamed forth from Him.
1	Smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	arose	arise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	up	up	ADV	RB	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	nostrils	nostril	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
9	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
10	out	out	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
14	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	devour	devour	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
17	coals	coal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj	_	_
18	flamed	flame	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
19	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
20	from	from	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	Him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obl	_	_
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arise up** | past | Smoke |  |  | Smoke's nostrils |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in nostril=Location |
| 2 | **devour** | past · do-support | fire |  |  | Smoke's mouth |  |  | vn devour-39.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **flame** | past | coals |  |  |  |  | from Smoke; forth *property* | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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עָ֘לָ֤ה עָשָׁ֨ן ׀ בְּאַפּ֗וֹ וְאֵשׁ־מִפִּ֥יו תֹּאכֵ֑ל גֶּ֝חָלִ֗ים בָּעֲר֥וּ מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃

[Psalms 18:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.18.9/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:219` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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