---
title: Psalms 18:16 (JPS 1917) — And the channels of waters appeared, and the foundations of the worl… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the channels of waters appeared, and the foundations of the world were laid bare, at Thy rebuke, O LORD, at the blast of the breath of Thy nostrils. Who acts: channels, Thy. Psalms 18:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 18:16 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the channels of waters appeared, and the foundations of the world were laid bare, at Thy rebuke, O LORD, at the blast of the breath of Thy nostrils.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** channels, Thy · **What happens:** appear, lay, channel, rebuke, blast · **To what, where:** foundations, rebuke, waters, breath

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Psalms 18:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (channels, Thy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:226
# text = And the channels of waters appeared, and the foundations of the world were laid bare, at Thy rebuke, O LORD, at the blast of the breath of Thy nostrils.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	channels	channel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	waters	water	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
6	appeared	appear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	foundations	foundation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	laid	lay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	_
16	bare	bare	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	xcomp	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	at	at	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	rebuke	rebuke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	23	discourse	_	_
23	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	vocative	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	at	at	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	blast	blast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	33	nmod:poss	_	_
33	nostrils	nostril	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	nmod	_	_
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: pos
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **appear** | past | the channels of waters |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **lay** | past · passive |  | the foundations of the world |  | Thy rebuke |  | at the blast of the breath of Thy nostrils; LORD *vocative*; bare *property* | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme at rebuke=Destination |
| 3 | **channel** |  |  | waters |  |  |  |  | nom channel «communication transitive»: of=patient |
| 4 | **rebuke** |  | Thy |  |  |  |  |  | nom rebuke «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
| 5 | **blast** |  |  | the breath of Thy nostrils |  |  |  |  | nom blast «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֵּ֤רָא֨וּ ׀ אֲפִ֥יקֵי מַ֗יִם וַֽיִּגָּלוּ֮ מוֹסְד֪וֹת תֵּ֫בֵ֥ל מִגַּעֲרָ֣תְךָ֣ יְהוָ֑ה מִ֝נִּשְׁמַ֗ת ר֣וּחַ אַפֶּֽךָ׃

[Psalms 18:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.18.16/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:226` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Psalms 18:15 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.225/)
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