---
title: Psalms 119:168 (JPS 1917) — I have observed Thy precepts and Thy testimonies; for all my ways ar… · tree and pragmatics
description: I have observed Thy precepts and Thy testimonies; for all my ways are before Thee. Who acts: I, ways, Thy. Psalms 119:168 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 119:168 · JPS 1917

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I have observed Thy precepts and Thy testimonies; for all my ways are before Thee.

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**Who acts:** I, ways, Thy · **What happens:** observe, be, testify · **To what, where:** precepts

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This is Psalms 119:168 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, ways, Thy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:2333
# text = I have observed Thy precepts and Thy testimonies; for all my ways are before Thee.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	observed	observe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	precepts	precept	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	testimonies	testimony	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
10	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
11	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	13	det:predet	_	_
12	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
14	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
15	before	before	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	advcl	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **observe** | present · perfect | I | Thy precepts and Thy testimonies |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent precept=Topic |
| 2 | **is** | present | my ways |  |  |  | before Thee |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **testify** |  | Thy |  |  |  |  |  | nom testimony «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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שָׁמַ֣רְתִּי פִ֭קּוּדֶיךָ וְעֵדֹתֶ֑יךָ כִּ֖י כָל־דְּרָכַ֣י נֶגְדֶּֽךָ׃

[Psalms 119:168: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.119.168/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:2333` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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