---
title: Psalms 19:3 (JPS 1917) — Day unto day uttereth speech, and night unto night revealeth knowled… · tree and pragmatics
description: Day unto day uttereth speech, and night unto night revealeth knowledge; Who acts: Day, night. Psalms 19:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 19:3 · JPS 1917

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Day unto day uttereth speech, and night unto night revealeth knowledge;

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**Who acts:** Day, night · **What happens:** utter, reveal · **To what, where:** speech, knowledge

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This is Psalms 19:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Day, night), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:266
# text = Day unto day uttereth speech, and night unto night revealeth knowledge;
1	Day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	uttereth	utter	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
8	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
9	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	revealeth	reveal	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
12	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **utter** *speech: other* | present | Day unto day | speech |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent speech=Topic |
| 2 | **reveal** | present | night unto night | knowledge |  |  |  |  | vn confess-37.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent knowledge=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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י֣וֹם לְ֭יוֹם יַבִּ֣יעַֽ אֹ֑מֶר וְלַ֥יְלָה לְּ֝לַ֗יְלָה יְחַוֶּה־דָּֽעַת׃

[Psalms 19:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.19.3/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:266` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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