---
title: Psalms 19:4 (JPS 1917) — There is no speech, there are no words, neither is their voice heard. · tree and pragmatics
description: There is no speech, there are no words, neither is their voice heard. Who acts: speech, words. Psalms 19:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 19:4 · JPS 1917

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There is no speech, there are no words, neither is their voice heard.

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**Who acts:** speech, words · **What happens:** be, hear · **To what, where:** voice

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This is Psalms 19:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (speech, words), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:267
# text = There is no speech, there are no words, neither is their voice heard.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	7	expl	_	_
7	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
8	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	9	det	_	_
9	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	neither	neither	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	15	cc	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
13	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | no speech |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **does** | present | no words |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **hear** | present · passive |  | words's voice |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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אֵֽין־אֹ֭מֶר וְאֵ֣ין דְּבָרִ֑ים בְּ֝לִ֗י נִשְׁמָ֥ע קוֹלָֽם׃

[Psalms 19:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.19.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:267` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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