---
title: Psalms 23:2 (JPS 1917) — He maketh me to lie down in green pastures; He leadeth me beside the… · tree and pragmatics
description: He maketh me to lie down in green pastures; He leadeth me beside the still waters. Who acts: shepherd, me. Psalms 23:2 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 23:2 · JPS 1917

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He maketh me to lie down in green pastures; He leadeth me beside the still waters.

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**Who acts:** shepherd, me · **What happens:** make, lie down, lead · **To what, where:** me, green pastures, still waters

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This is Psalms 23:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shepherd, me), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:342
# text = He maketh me to lie down in green pastures; He leadeth me beside the still waters.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	maketh	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	lie	lie	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
6	down	down	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	pastures	pasture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	leadeth	lead	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
13	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	beside	beside	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	still	still	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	waters	water	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	_
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | shepherd | me |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **lie down** | to-infinitive | me *not said here* |  |  | green pastures |  | down *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in pasture=Location |
| 3 | **lead** | present | shepherd | me |  | the still waters |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent i=Theme beside water=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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בִּנְא֣וֹת דֶּ֭שֶׁא יַרְבִּיצֵ֑נִי עַל־מֵ֖י מְנֻח֣וֹת יְנַהֲלֵֽנִי׃

[Psalms 23:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.23.2/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:342` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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