--- title: Psalms 23:4 (JPS 1917) — Yea, though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will… · tree and pragmatics description: Yea, though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil, for Thou art with me; Thy rod and Thy staff, they comfort me. Who acts: I, Thou, rod. Psalms 23:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.344/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Psalms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/) / [chapter 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/23/) / [23:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.23.4/) / JPS 1 # Psalms 23:4 · JPS 1917 Yea, though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil, for Thou art with me; Thy rod and Thy staff, they comfort me. **Who acts:** I, Thou, rod · **What happens:** walk, fear, be, comfort, shadow · **To what, where:** valley, evil, me, death This is Psalms 23:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, Thou, rod), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:PSA:344 # text = Yea, though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil, for Thou art with me; Thy rod and Thy staff, they comfort me. 1 Yea yea INTJ UH _ 17 discourse _ _ 2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 3 though though SCONJ IN _ 5 mark _ _ 4 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ _ 5 walk walk VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 advcl _ _ 6 through through ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 valley valley NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 shadow shadow NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _ 12 of of ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 death death NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nmod _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 15 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ _ 16 will will AUX MD _ 17 aux _ _ 17 fear fear VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 18 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 19 det _ _ 19 evil evil NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obj _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 21 for for SCONJ IN _ 25 mark _ _ 22 Thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 25 nsubj _ _ 23 art be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 cop _ _ 24 with with ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 25 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 17 advcl _ _ 26 ; ; PUNCT : _ 34 punct _ _ 27 Thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 28 nmod:poss _ _ 28 rod rod NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 nsubj _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 30 Thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 31 nmod:poss _ _ 31 staff staff NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 conj _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 33 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 nsubj _ _ 34 comfort comfort VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 parataxis _ _ 35 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 34 obj _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 17 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: neg - teacher: changed act=assert | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **walk** | present | I | | | the valley of the shadow of death | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through valley=Trajectory | | 2 | **fear** | future | I | no evil | | | | | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer evil=Stimulus | | 3 | **is** | present | Thou | | | | | with me | tree rules | | 4 | **comfort** | present | Thy rod and Thy staff | me | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus i=Experiencer | | 5 | **shadow** | | | death | | | | | nom shadow «state transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} גַּ֤ם כִּֽי־אֵלֵ֨ךְ בְּגֵ֪יא צַלְמָ֡וֶת לֹא־אִ֘ירָ֤א רָ֗ע כִּי־אַתָּ֥ה עִמָּדִ֑י שִׁבְטְךָ֥ וּ֝מִשְׁעַנְתֶּ֗ךָ הֵ֣מָּה יְנַֽחֲמֻֽנִי׃ [Psalms 23:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.23.4/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:344` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Psalms 23:3 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.343/) - next →: [Psalms 23:5 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.345/) - ↑ back to [Psalms 23:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.23.4/)