---
title: Psalms 28:1 (JPS 1917) — Unto thee, O LORD, do I call; my Rock, be not Thou deaf unto me; les… · tree and pragmatics
description: Unto thee, O LORD, do I call; my Rock, be not Thou deaf unto me; lest, if Thou be silent unto me, I become like them that go down into the pit. Who acts: I, Rock, Thou. Psalms 28:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 28:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Unto thee, O LORD, do I call; my Rock, be not Thou deaf unto me; lest, if Thou be silent unto me, I become like them that go down into the pit.

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**Who acts:** I, Rock, Thou · **What happens:** call, not be, be, become, go down · **To what, where:** pit · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Psalms 28:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, Rock, Thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:411
# text = Unto thee, O LORD, do I call; my Rock, be not Thou deaf unto me; lest, if Thou be silent unto me, I become like them that go down into the pit.
1	Unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	9	obl	_	_
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	5	discourse	_	_
5	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	vocative	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	call	call	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
11	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	Rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	cop	_	_
15	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	17	advmod	_	_
16	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	17	nsubj	_	_
17	deaf	deaf	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	parataxis	_	_
18	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	17	obl	_	_
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	31	punct	_	_
21	lest	lest	SCONJ	IN	_	31	mark	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
24	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	26	nsubj	_	_
25	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	cop	_	_
26	silent	silent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	advcl	_	_
27	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	26	obl	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
30	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
31	become	become	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
32	like	like	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	obl	_	_
34	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	35	nsubj	_	_
35	go	go	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	33	acl:relcl	_	_
36	down	down	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	_
37	into	into	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	pit	pit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	_
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: pos
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** *speech: assert* | present · do-support | I |  |  |  |  | unto thee; LORD *vocative* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **is** | infinitive | my Rock |  |  |  |  | unto me; deaf *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen* | infinitive | Thou |  |  |  |  | unto me; silent *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **become** | present | I |  |  |  |  | like them *= they* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **go down** | present |  |  |  | the pit |  | down *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
לְדָוִ֡דאֵ֘לֶ֤יךָ יְהוָ֨ה ׀ אֶקְרָ֗א צוּרִי֮ אַֽל־תֶּחֱרַ֪שׁ מִ֫מֶּ֥נִּי פֶּן־תֶּֽחֱשֶׁ֥ה מִמֶּ֑נִּי וְ֝נִמְשַׁ֗לְתִּי עִם־י֥וֹרְדֵי בֽוֹר׃

[Psalms 28:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.28.1/)

<!-- .note -->
This verse in JPS 1917:

<!-- .ens -->
1. [A Psalm of David.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.410/)
2. **Unto thee, O LORD, do I call; my Rock, be not Thou deaf unto me; lest, if Thou be silent unto me, I become like them that go down into the pit.**

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:411` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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