--- title: Psalms 31:20 (JPS 1917) — Oh how abundant is Thy goodness, which Thou hast laid up for them th… · tree and pragmatics description: Oh how abundant is Thy goodness, which Thou hast laid up for them that fear Thee; which Thou hast wrought for them that take their refuge in Thee, in the sight of the sons of men! Who acts: goodness, Thou. Psalms 31:20 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.466/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Psalms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/) / [chapter 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/31/) / [31:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.31.20/) / JPS 1 # Psalms 31:20 · JPS 1917 Oh how abundant is Thy goodness, which Thou hast laid up for them that fear Thee; which Thou hast wrought for them that take their refuge in Thee, in the sight of the sons of men! **Who acts:** goodness, Thou · **What happens:** be, lay up, fear, wrought, take, sight · **To what, where:** goodness, Thee, refuge, sons This is Psalms 31:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (goodness, Thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:PSA:466 # text = Oh how abundant is Thy goodness, which Thou hast laid up for them that fear Thee; which Thou hast wrought for them that take their refuge in Thee, in the sight of the sons of men! 1 Oh oh INTJ UH _ 3 discourse _ _ 2 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 3 advmod _ _ 3 abundant abundant ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 4 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 5 Thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 6 nmod:poss _ _ 6 goodness goodness NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 8 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 11 obj _ _ 9 Thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 11 nsubj _ _ 10 hast have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 aux _ _ 11 laid lay VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 6 acl:relcl _ _ 12 up up ADP RP _ 11 compound:prt _ _ 13 for for ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 obl _ _ 15 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 16 nsubj _ _ 16 fear fear VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 acl:relcl _ _ 17 Thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 16 obj _ _ 18 ; ; PUNCT : _ 22 punct _ _ 19 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 22 obj _ _ 20 Thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 22 nsubj _ _ 21 hast have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 aux _ _ 22 wrought wrought VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 11 conj _ _ 23 for for ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obl _ _ 25 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 26 nsubj _ _ 26 take take VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 acl:relcl _ _ 27 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ _ 28 refuge refuge NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obj _ _ 29 in in ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 Thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 26 obl _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 32 in in ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 sight sight NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obl _ _ 35 of of ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 36 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 sons son NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 nmod _ _ 38 of of ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 39 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 nmod _ _ 40 ! ! PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: exclamation - act: evaluate - voice: narrator - polarity: pos - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | Thy goodness | | | | | abundant *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **lay up** | present · perfect | Thou | Thy goodness | | | | for lips *= lip* | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent which=Result for they=Beneficiary | | 3 | **fear** | present | | Thee | | | | | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer thou=Stimulus | | 4 | **wrought** | present · perfect | Thou | | | | | for lips *= lip* | tree rules | | 5 | **take** | present | | lips's refuge | | Thee | | in the sight of the sons of men | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent refuge=Value in thou=Location | | 6 | **sight** | | | the sons of men | | | | | nom sight «cognition transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} מָ֤ה רַֽב־טוּבְךָ֮ אֲשֶׁר־צָפַ֪נְתָּ לִּֽירֵ֫אֶ֥יךָ פָּ֭עַלְתָּ לַחֹסִ֣ים בָּ֑ךְ נֶ֝֗גֶד בְּנֵ֣י אָדָם׃ [Psalms 31:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.31.20/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:466` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Psalms 31:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.465/) - next →: [Psalms 31:21 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.467/) - ↑ back to [Psalms 31:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.31.20/)