---
title: Psalms 31:23 (JPS 1917) — As for me, I said in my haste: 'I am cut off from before Thine eyes'… · tree and pragmatics
description: As for me, I said in my haste: 'I am cut off from before Thine eyes'; nevertheless Thou heardest the voice of my supplications when I cried unto Thee. Who acts: I, Thou, my. Psalms 31:23 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 31:23 · JPS 1917

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As for me, I said in my haste: 'I am cut off from before Thine eyes'; nevertheless Thou heardest the voice of my supplications when I cried unto Thee.

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**Who acts:** I, Thou, my · **What happens:** say, cut off, hear, cry, supplicate · **To what, where:** haste, I, eyes, voice · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Psalms 31:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, Thou, my), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:469
# text = As for me, I said in my haste: 'I am cut off from before Thine eyes'; nevertheless Thou heardest the voice of my supplications when I cried unto Thee.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	3	case	_	_
2	for	for	ADP	IN	_	1	fixed	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	obl	_	_
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	haste	haste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
11	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	_
12	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	ccomp	_	_
15	off	off	ADP	RP	_	14	compound:prt	_	_
16	from	from	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	before	before	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	Thine	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
20	'	's	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	_
21	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
22	nevertheless	nevertheless	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
23	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	24	nsubj	_	_
24	heardest	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	supplications	supplication	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nmod	_	_
30	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	32	mark	_	_
31	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
32	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	advcl	_	_
33	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	Thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	32	obl	_	_
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | I |  |  | my haste |  | as me | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **cut off** | present · passive |  | I |  | Thine eyes |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP PP»: subject=Theme from eye=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **hear** | past | Thou | the voice of my supplications |  |  |  | nevertheless *property* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer voice=Stimulus |
| 4 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | I |  |  |  |  | unto Thee | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **supplicate** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom supplication «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַאֲנִ֤י ׀ אָ֘מַ֤רְתִּי בְחָפְזִ֗י נִגְרַזְתִּי֮ מִנֶּ֪גֶד עֵ֫ינֶ֥יךָ אָכֵ֗ן שָׁ֭מַעְתָּ ק֥וֹל תַּחֲנוּנַ֗י בְּשַׁוְּעִ֥י אֵלֶֽיךָ׃

[Psalms 31:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.31.23/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:469` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Psalms 31:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.468/)
- next →: [Psalms 31:24 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.470/)
- ↑ back to [Psalms 31:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.31.23/)