---
title: Psalms 32:4 (JPS 1917) — For day and night Thy hand was heavy upon me; my sap was turned as i… · tree and pragmatics
description: For day and night Thy hand was heavy upon me; my sap was turned as in the droughts of summer. Who acts: hand. Psalms 32:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 32:4 · JPS 1917

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For day and night Thy hand was heavy upon me; my sap was turned as in the droughts of summer.

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**Who acts:** hand · **What happens:** be, turn · **To what, where:** sap

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This is Psalms 32:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hand), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:476
# text = For day and night Thy hand was heavy upon me; my sap was turned as in the droughts of summer.
1	For	for	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
9	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	obl	_	_
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
12	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	sap	sap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	turned	turn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	parataxis	_	_
16	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	droughts	drought	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Thy hand |  |  |  | day | upon me; heavy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **turn** | past · passive |  | my sap |  |  |  | in the droughts of summer | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: subject=Patient in drought=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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כִּ֤י ׀ יוֹמָ֣ם וָלַיְלָה֮ תִּכְבַּ֥ד עָלַ֗י יָ֫דֶ֥ךָ נֶהְפַּ֥ךְ לְשַׁדִּ֑י בְּחַרְבֹ֖נֵי קַ֣יִץ סֶֽלָה׃

[Psalms 32:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.32.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:476` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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