---
title: Psalms 35:25 (JPS 1917) — Let them not say in their heart: 'Aha, we have our desire'; let them… · tree and pragmatics
description: Let them not say in their heart: 'Aha, we have our desire'; let them not say: 'We have swallowed him up.' Who acts: you, God, we, our. Psalms 35:25 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 35:25 · JPS 1917

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Let them not say in their heart: 'Aha, we have our desire'; let them not say: 'We have swallowed him up.'

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**Who acts:** you, God, we, our · **What happens:** let, not say, have, swallow up, desire · **To what, where:** God, heart, desire, LORD · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Psalms 35:25 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, God, we, our), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:555
# text = Let them not say in their heart: 'Aha, we have our desire'; let them not say: 'We have swallowed him up.'
1	Let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
9	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	_
10	Aha	aha	INTJ	UH	_	13	discourse	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
12	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
14	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	desire	desire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	_
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
18	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
19	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	_
20	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	21	advmod	_	_
21	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	xcomp	_	_
22	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
23	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	26	punct	_	_
24	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
25	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	swallowed	swallow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	21	ccomp	_	_
27	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	obj	_	_
28	up	up	ADP	RP	_	26	compound:prt	_	_
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	26	punct	_	_
30	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	26	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- indirect: yes
- teacher: changed act=request

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | imperative | you *not said here* | God |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **say** *speech: assert* | infinitive | God *not said here* |  |  | God's heart |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **have** | present | we | our desire |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent desire=Patient |
| 4 | **let** | infinitive |  | God |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **not** **say** *speech: assert* | infinitive | God *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 6 | **swallow up** | present · perfect | We | LORD |  |  |  |  | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient |
| 7 | **desire** |  | our |  |  |  |  |  | nom desire «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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אַל־יֹאמְר֣וּ בְ֭לִבָּם הֶאָ֣ח נַפְשֵׁ֑נוּ אַל־יֹ֝אמְר֗וּ בִּֽלַּעֲנֽוּהוּ׃

[Psalms 35:25: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.35.25/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:555` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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